# Cashflow Understand how to track planned and actual spending over time, helping you monitor budgets and forecast future costs. # Overview The **Cashflow Page** displays a complete overview of your maintenance fund over the next **30 years**. It helps you track the health of your fund, see projected balances, and plan contributions to ensure your maintenance activities are always covered. The page shows the data in **two ways**: 1. A **chart** to visualise trends over time. 2. A **table** showing detailed numbers for each year. [![Cashflow.png](https://help.commonview.com/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/OGCkezjg7FK2QDrp-cash.png)](https://help.commonview.com/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/OGCkezjg7FK2QDrp-cash.png) --- ## Table layout The table columns represent **years** (aligned with your financial year settings). The rows represent the main components of your fund: - **Opening Balance** – the balance at the start of the year - **Interest on Funds** – interest earned on the opening balance - **Tax on Interest** – corporate tax applied to interest earned - **Fees and Charges** – bank fees or administrative charges - **Planned Expenses** – projected maintenance costs for the year - **Contribution Adjustments** – manual adjustments to contributions, if any - **Contributions** – funds added to cover planned expenses - **Closing Balance** – the balance at the end of the year --- ## How contributions are calculated The contributions row is calculated based on the **provisions (accruals)** from planned expenses and other factors. 1. **Start with accruals** – the total amount needed for planned expenses in a given year. 2. **Adjust for fund earnings and charges**: - Subtract **net interest** (interest earned minus taxes) - Add **fees and charges** - Add **any contribution adjustments** This gives the **required contribution** for that year.

## How the closing balance is calculated

This ensures that your fund always has enough to cover planned maintenance while taking into account interest, taxes, fees, and adjustments. --- ### Notes - The **Cashflow Page does not show accruals** directly — it only shows the resulting contributions. - The **chart** provides a visual overview of opening and closing balances, helping you quickly identify potential shortfalls or surpluses. - All numbers are projected based on your **current settings**, including inflation, interest rate, tax rate, and forecast opening balance. # Interests The **Interest on Funds** row shows the **income your maintenance fund earns** from the money held in the account. It is based on the **average balance** of the fund during the year, reflecting a realistic estimate of the interest earned over time. --- ## How it’s calculated 1. **Average balance**: The system calculates the average of the **opening balance** and the **closing balance** for the year. 2. **Interest rate on funds**: The average balance is multiplied by the **interest rate** you set in the settings. 3. **Corporate tax rate**: Tax is deducted from the interest earned, leaving the **net interest** that actually contributes to your fund. **Formula (simplified):** Net Interest = (Opening Balance + Closing Balance) ÷2 × Interest Rate × (1 − Corporate Tax Rate) --- ## Net interest - **Gross interest** – the total interest earned before taxes - **Tax on interest** – the corporate tax applied to interest - **Net interest** – the remaining interest after taxes, which increases your fund’s available balance This ensures your **cashflow projections** reflect the real growth of your fund, not just the theoretical interest. --- ### Example

Item	Amount
Opening Balance	$50,000
Closing Balance	$52,000
Average Balance	$51,000
Interest Rate	2%
Gross Interest	$1,020
Tax (28%)	$285.60
Net Interest	$734.40

- The **$734.40** is the net amount added to the fund for the year. - This value is then used when calculating contributions and closing balances. # Fees and charges The **Fees and Charges** row shows any **bank fees, administrative costs, or other charges** related to managing your maintenance fund. These costs are subtracted from the fund. --- ## How it works - Fees and charges are **entered manually**. - They are applied **once per year** and appear in the cashflow table for the corresponding financial year. - These amounts **do not affect planned expenses** — they are separate costs associated with managing the fund. --- ## Impact on cashflow Fees and charges are considered when calculating **contributions**: Contributions = Accruals − Net Interest + Fees and Charges + Contribution Adjustments - Adding fees increases the contributions needed to maintain the fund. - This ensures your fund balance stays sufficient to cover all planned expenses, even after management costs. # Planned expenses The **Planned Expenses** row shows the **total of all maintenance costs** scheduled for a given year. It represents the sum of all tasks, including repairs, servicing, and end-of-life replacements that are due within that financial year. --- ## How it works The system adds up **all expenses due** in the year, based on: - Frequency of tasks - Next due dates - Life span and replacement costs (for end-of-life items) - Adjustments for inflation --- ## Example

Item	Amount
Boiler servicing (2025)	$1,000
Roof inspection (2025)	$500
Floor replacement (2025)	$3,500
Total Planned Expenses	$5,000

- The **$5,000** is used in the cashflow calculation to determine the closing balance. - Any changes to tasks, frequencies, or costs automatically update the planned expenses for the year. # Contributions The **Contributions** row shows the **amount of money added to the maintenance fund** each year to ensure all planned expenses are covered. It is calculated based on the difference between the fund’s expected needs and what the fund can generate itself through interest, after accounting for taxes, fees, and any manual adjustments. --- ## How it’s calculated Contributions are determined using the following formula: Contributions = Accruals − Net Interest + Fees and Charges + Contribution Adjustments Where: - **Accruals** – the total amount provisioned for all planned expenses in the year - **Net Interest** – interest earned on the fund after taxes - **Fees and Charges** – bank or administrative fees - **Contribution Adjustments** – any manual changes made to contributions --- ## Key points - Contributions **ensure the fund remains sufficient** to pay for all planned expenses. - If interest earned and existing balances are enough, contributions may be smaller. - Manual adjustments allow you to **increase or decrease contributions** based on organisational requirements or cashflow constraints. --- ## Example

Item	Amount
Accruals (provisioned maintenance)	$5,000
Net Interest	$734.40
Fees and Charges	$50
Contribution Adjustments	$100
Contributions	$4,415

- In this example, the contributions of **$4,415** ensure that the fund can cover the $5,000 of planned expenses after taking into account net interest and fees. - Changing planned expenses, fees, interest rates, or adjustments will automatically update contributions. # Adjust contributions The **Contribution Adjustments** row allows you to **manually modify the amount of money added to the maintenance fund** for a given year. This gives you flexibility to account for real-world circumstances that may not be fully captured by the system’s automatic calculations. --- ## How to adjust contributions - Click the **edit button** in the cell for the year you want to adjust. [![Adjustments.png](https://help.commonview.com/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/pq1PnSB6KSPk4zfq-adjustments.png)](https://help.commonview.com/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/pq1PnSB6KSPk4zfq-adjustments.png) - Enter the desired contribution adjustment amount. - The system will **recalculate the closing balance** for the year using your adjusted contribution. --- ## Why you might adjust contributions You may want to manually adjust contributions for several reasons: 1. **Cashflow considerations** - If contributions are unusually high for a particular year, you may want to **spread the cost over multiple years** to avoid asking owners for too much at once. 2. **Fund balance deviations** - If the fund is higher or lower than expected due to external factors, such as: - Inflation being higher or lower than projected - Contingency allowance being too low or too high - Unexpected maintenance costs or delays 3. **Smoothing contributions** - To avoid large spikes or dips in contributions across years, you may want to **even out the contributions** over multiple periods. 4. **Strategic planning** - Adjustments can be used to align the maintenance plan with **long-term organisational goals**, such as preferring a larger buffer in early years or reducing contributions temporarily to free up capital. --- ## Key points - Adjustments only affect the **year you change** and the **closing balance** for that year. - Future contributions are **not automatically changed** unless you adjust them separately. - Manual adjustments are fully compatible with the system’s automatic calculations. --- ## Example

Year	Accruals	Net Interest	Fees	Contribution Adjustments	Contributions
2025	$5,000	$734	$50	-$500	$3,815

- In this example, the system initially calculated contributions of $4,315. - The user reduced the contribution by **$500** to account for cashflow constraints. - The closing balance and subsequent years’ calculations will reflect this adjustment. # Change Opening balance The **Opening Balance** for a year represents the amount of money available in your maintenance fund at the **start of the financial year**. Sometimes the forecasted opening balance in the plan may differ from the **actual balance** in the fund. This setting allows you to update it to reflect reality. --- ## How to change the opening balance - Click the **edit button** in the first Opening Balance cell. [![Opening balance.png](https://help.commonview.com/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/scaled-1680-/dgPUrtvommvAEvMV-opening-balance.png)](https://help.commonview.com/uploads/images/gallery/2026-01/dgPUrtvommvAEvMV-opening-balance.png) - Enter the **actual opening balance**. - The system will automatically **recalculate interest, contributions, and closing balances** for that year and subsequent years. --- ## Why you might change the opening balance Updating the opening balance is useful in several situations: 1. **Actual fund differs from forecast** - If the fund received more or less than expected due to early contributions, unexpected expenses, or other financial events. 2. **Corrections or adjustments** - To correct errors from the previous year or to account for late transactions not included in the plan. 3. **Aligning with audited figures** - When preparing for reporting or approval, you may want the plan to match the **official audited balance**. --- ## Key points - Changing the opening balance **does not alter past approved years** — it only affects the selected year and **all subsequent calculations**. - This ensures that contributions, interest, and closing balances are **calculated from the correct starting point**. - It is especially useful for keeping the plan **accurate over multiple years**, reflecting the real state of the fund. --- ### Example

Year	Opening Balance
Forecasted	$50,000
Actual	$52,000

- Updating the opening balance to **$52,000** ensures that **interest, contributions, and closing balances** for 2025 and beyond are calculated accurately. - This adjustment keeps your maintenance plan aligned with reality.